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Foundations: Scaling

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Layers

Mar 21, 2026

What is a Sidechain?

Learn what a sidechain is, how two-way pegs and bridges work, why sidechains help scaling, and how their security differs from rollups.

26 min read

Layers

Mar 21, 2026

What Is the Consensus Layer?

Learn what the consensus layer is, how it orders blocks and finalizes history, and why separating consensus from execution matters for scaling.

22 min read

Layers

Mar 21, 2026

What Is the Execution Layer?

Learn what the execution layer is, how it processes transactions and state, and why it matters for Ethereum, rollups, and blockchain scaling.

23 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What is Proto-Danksharding?

Learn what proto-danksharding is, how EIP-4844 blobs work, why rollups use them, and how separate blob fees make data availability cheaper.

23 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What is Sharding?

Learn what sharding is, why blockchains use it to scale, how shards coordinate, and the security and data-availability tradeoffs it creates.

25 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What Is Data Sharding?

Learn what data sharding is, how it scales blockchains through blobs and data availability, and why it differs from execution sharding.

23 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What is Execution Sharding?

Learn what execution sharding is, how it scales blockchains by splitting state and computation, and why cross-shard coordination is the real challenge.

24 min read

Layers

Mar 21, 2026

What is Layer 1?

Learn what Layer 1 means in blockchain scaling: the base chain that provides consensus, settlement, and data availability for secure verification.

22 min read

Rollups

Mar 21, 2026

What is an Aggregator?

Learn what a rollup aggregator is, how it batches and publishes L2 data to L1, and why it is central to rollup scalability, cost, and security.

22 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What is Danksharding?

Learn what danksharding is, why Ethereum uses blobs and data availability sampling, and how it scales rollups beyond EIP-4844.

25 min read

Data

Mar 21, 2026

What Is Data Availability?

Learn what data availability means in blockchain scaling, why rollups depend on it, and how blobs, erasure coding, and sampling make it work.

26 min read