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Foundations: Oracles

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Mar 21, 2026

Learn what a price oracle is, why smart contracts need it, how it works, and where oracle designs fail under manipulation, staleness, or bad sources.

24 min read

Mar 21, 2026

Learn what oracle manipulation is, how flash-loan-funded price attacks work, and why aggregation, TWAPs, and delayed feeds reduce risk.

23 min read

Mar 21, 2026

Learn what a TWAP oracle is, how it computes time-weighted average prices on-chain, why it resists manipulation, and where its limits matter.

23 min read

Mar 21, 2026

Learn what a blockchain oracle is, why smart contracts need it, how oracle systems work, and the main security tradeoffs behind onchain data feeds.

26 min read

Mar 21, 2026

Learn what a data feed is in blockchain systems, how oracle feeds work, why push vs. pull matters, and where price and data feeds can fail.

23 min read

Mar 21, 2026

Learn what a medianizer is, why oracle systems use median aggregation, how it works on-chain, and where its security assumptions can fail.

25 min read