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Foundations: Cryptography / Signatures

What is Ed25519?Ed25519 is a digital signature system that became popular because it makes the secure path unusually practical: fast verification, small keys and signatures, and deterministic signing that avoids a famous class of randomness failures

What is Ed25519?Ed25519 is a digital signature system that became popular because it makes the secure path unusually practical: fast verification, small keys and signatures, and deterministic signing that avoids a famous class of randomness failures. Its details matter, because subtle choices around validation and encoding can change whether two implementations agree that a signature is valid.Mar 21, 202624 min read

What Are Schnorr Signatures?Schnorr signatures are a digital signature scheme with unusually clean algebra: the same structure that makes them simple to verify also makes key aggregation and compact multisignatures possible

What Are Schnorr Signatures?Schnorr signatures are a digital signature scheme with unusually clean algebra: the same structure that makes them simple to verify also makes key aggregation and compact multisignatures possible. That combination of rigor and flexibility is why they matter in modern cryptography and in systems like Bitcoin Taproot.Mar 21, 202623 min read

What is ECDSA?ECDSA is the signature system that lets a blockchain user prove control of a private key without revealing it

What is ECDSA?ECDSA is the signature system that lets a blockchain user prove control of a private key without revealing it. Its elegance hides a sharp constraint: each signature depends on a one-time secret value, and if that value is reused or leaked, the private key can fall with it.Mar 21, 202622 min read

What is a Digital Signature?Digital signatures solve a precise problem: how to make a digital message carry proof of who approved it and whether it was changed

What is a Digital Signature?Digital signatures solve a precise problem: how to make a digital message carry proof of who approved it and whether it was changed. They are the quiet mechanism behind blockchain transactions, signed software, and secure protocols — but their guarantees are narrower, and more conditional, than many people assume.Mar 21, 202625 min read

What is a BLS Signature?BLS signatures matter because they make a strange trade possible: signatures can stay compact even when many participants sign, and those signatures can often be merged into one

What is a BLS Signature?BLS signatures matter because they make a strange trade possible: signatures can stay compact even when many participants sign, and those signatures can often be merged into one. That property is why modern blockchain systems use BLS for validator attestations, multisignatures, and other places where ordinary signatures would create too much bandwidth and verification overhead.Mar 21, 202621 min read