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Foundations: Cryptography / Commitments

What Are KZG Commitments?KZG commitments are a way to commit to an entire polynomial with a single small cryptographic object, then later prove specific values of that polynomial with equally short proofs

What Are KZG Commitments?KZG commitments are a way to commit to an entire polynomial with a single small cryptographic object, then later prove specific values of that polynomial with equally short proofs. That unusual combination of compactness and verifiability is why they matter in modern zero-knowledge systems and blockchain data-availability designs.Mar 21, 202623 min read

What is a Pedersen Commitment?Pedersen commitments solve a delicate problem: how to hide a value completely while still letting others verify arithmetic about it

What is a Pedersen Commitment?Pedersen commitments solve a delicate problem: how to hide a value completely while still letting others verify arithmetic about it. That combination — **perfect hiding** with **additive homomorphism** — is why they sit underneath confidential transactions, range proofs, and many zero-knowledge systems.Mar 21, 202621 min read

What Is a Polynomial Commitment?Polynomial commitments solve a surprisingly specific problem with broad consequences: how do you bind yourself to a whole polynomial now, then later prove just one value of it without revealing everything else? That simple capability sits underneath modern SNARKs, verifiable secret sharing, and blockchain data-availability designs

What Is a Polynomial Commitment?Polynomial commitments solve a surprisingly specific problem with broad consequences: how do you bind yourself to a whole polynomial now, then later prove just one value of it without revealing everything else? That simple capability sits underneath modern SNARKs, verifiable secret sharing, and blockchain data-availability designs.Mar 21, 202624 min read

What is a Hash Commitment?A hash commitment lets you publish a short digest now and reveal the underlying value later, in a way that is meant to hide the value at first and lock it in for later verification

What is a Hash Commitment?A hash commitment lets you publish a short digest now and reveal the underlying value later, in a way that is meant to hide the value at first and lock it in for later verification. That simple trick sits underneath coin flipping, auctions, smart-contract commit–reveal flows, and many zero-knowledge systems—but it only works if you understand exactly what the hash is, and is not, buying you.Mar 21, 202626 min read